Saudis might take particular heed to this dire information as, according to Dr. Mona Mustafa in an article in the Saudi Gazette of May 10, 2009, one in five children in Saudi Arabia is born a hermaphrodite. Even if the gross rate of this abnormality is related, as is generally believed, to tribal-based intersex marriage, it can’t help that petroleum-derivative products could be increasing or exacerbating it. Phthalates are also related to diabetes, which can lead to kidney disease. Currently, Saudi Arabia ranks sixth in the world for rates of death by kidney disease.